In this article:
- Nuance required for international cannabis policy.
- The need for better distinction between medical and recreational use.
- Greater flexibility is on the horizon.
- Takeaway for brokers and insurance professionals.
- Download the full Global Cannabis Regulatory Summit White Paper from Artemis Growth Partners.
International cannabis regulation is in the midst of significant change, driven by new scientific research and changing public attitudes. Long-held assumptions about cannabis are being challenged, prompting policymakers to reconsider outdated frameworks.
At the recent Global Cannabis Regulatory Summit 2025, experts and regulators gathered to share insights on this transformation and what it means for the future. Here are some of the key takeaways.
More Nuance is Required in International Cannabis Policy
Global cannabis regulation is founded on international treaties like the UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs of 1961 and the Convention on Psychotropic Substances of 1971. These conventions were created while knowledge about cannabinoids was limited; they classify cannabis as a high-risk substance with little to no medical value.
Since then, advances in cannabinoid research have painted a very different picture. The understanding of THC and CBD, along with minor cannabinoids and terpenes, has evolved significantly, challenging the prohibitionist stance of the 20th century.
Studies have revealed partial therapeutic potential for treatment of chronic pain, epilepsy, and cancer-related symptoms. Treatment of neurodegenerative diseases is also being investigated, as is impact on various mental health conditions.
This growing body of evidence highlights the need for a more nuanced regulatory approach. In the meantime, collaboration bodies like the International Narcotics Control Board (INCB) is often necessary for nations to adapt policies in light of today’s scientific insights.
The Need for Better Distinction Between Medical and Recreational Use
Another challenge discussed at the Summit was the lack of clear international guidelines distinguishing medical from recreational cannabis use. This creates grey areas for nations seeking to legalize medical cannabis while maintaining strict controls on recreational use.
On a national level, policymakers must balance patient access to potentially life-changing treatments with public health concerns — and governments are increasingly recognizing the importance of collaboration to bridge this gap. This includes establishing stronger connections between regulators, healthcare providers, and patient groups, and ensuring that the latest scientific findings are integrated into policy decisions.
Greater Flexibility is on the Horizon
Despite the complexities, there are encouraging signs that international cannabis regulation is becoming more adaptable. Countries are interpreting treaties with greater discretion and national reforms are gaining momentum.
For example, Canada’s federal legalization of the cannabis market in 2018 demonstrated that a regulated system can support public health and economic development, and reduce the burden on the courts.
Likewise, Germany’s recent shift to legalize adult-use cannabis under a controlled model has set a new precedent within the EU. Under Germany’s Cannabis Act, individuals can now possess up to 25 grams of dried cannabis and grow up to three plants for personal consumption.
In the US, state-level legalization has outpaced federal reform, creating a patchwork of policies.
Developments like these suggest that global attitudes toward cannabis are softening, and that regulatory systems will likely continue to evolve to reflect today’s scientific realities.
Takeaway for Brokers and Insurance Professionals
For companies operating in the cannabis industry, this period of regulatory change presents opportunities and risks. The lack of standardization means businesses must carefully monitor developments in each jurisdiction where they operate. And they must have robust, tailored insurance in place that’s built to cover their unique exposures.
Relm provides specialist cannabis insurance solutions for innovators in the sector. Contact us today to learn more, and to download the full Global Cannabis Regulatory Summit White Paper from Artemis Growth Partners here.
